Membrane bioreactors incorporating hollow fiber membranes have gained traction as a effective technology for diverse biotechnological applications. These systems provide distinct strengths such as {high{surface area-to-volume ratios, efficient mass transfer, and enhanced cell retention. This article delivers a in-depth analysis of hollow fiber memb

Hollow fiber membrane bioreactors demonstrate a versatile and efficient platform for diverse biotechnological applications. These sophisticated systems leverage the properties of hollow fiber membranes to facilitate efficient mass transfer, cellular growth, and product synthesis. This comprehensive review delves into the fundamentals of hollow fibe